Definition
A drafting system is a machine unit used in spinning preparation and the spinning process that thins fiber material — in the form of slivers or rovings — by controlled drafting and aligns the constituent fibers in parallel. It typically consists of several pairs of rollers arranged in series, running at different peripheral speeds, so that the sliver is drawn out between the nip points. The draft ratio — that is, the ratio of delivery speed to feed speed — determines the degree of attenuation and the evenness of the resulting fiber material. Drafting systems are a primary assembly in draw frames, flyers, ring spinning machines, and other spinning machinery.
Use in the textile industry
In cotton and man-made fiber spinning, drafting systems are used to bring slivers from the card or combing machine to the linear density required for the next process step while improving fiber parallelism. On draw frames, drafting systems operate with double aprons or pressure bars to guide even shorter fibers during drafting and to compensate for irregularities in the sliver. The adjustability of nip point distances and draft ratios allows processing of different fiber lengths and raw materials.
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