Definition
Areal density indicates the mass of a defined unit area of a textile fabric and is typically expressed in grams per square meter (g/m²). It is one of the fundamental parameters for characterizing woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens, and other flat textile structures. Areal density depends on fiber type, yarn count, weave or stitch structure, and the density of the fabric, and is determined by weighing standardized test specimens.
Use in the textile industry
In the textile industry, areal density serves as a central reference and quality parameter for selecting materials for specific applications, such as apparel, technical textiles, or home textiles. Lightweight fabrics with low areal density are typically used for summer clothing or lining fabrics, while heavy materials with high areal density are used for outerwear, upholstery fabrics, or protective textiles. Areal density also influences properties such as thermal insulation, wear behavior, and material costs, and is therefore part of product-specific requirements and purchasing specifications.
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